In 1959, Clement Markert and Freddy Moller developed the concept of the isozyme, which paved the way for extensive studies of enzyme, protein and gene multiplicity across all living organisms. This important scientific discovery has had a profound influence on the biological sciences for more than 40 years, and has provided the basis for regular international meetings to discuss the biological and biomedical implications of enzyme multiplicity. More recently, this concept has been extended to a wide range of gene families of DNA, RNA, proteins and enzymes.

Contents:

• Clement Markert (G L Hammond)
• Identification of Novel Gene Family Members Based on Efficient Full-Length cDNA Cloning (J Gu et al.)
• Aldehyde Dehydrogenases of Human Corneal and Lens Epithelial Cells (R S Holmes)
• X-Chromosome Inactivation During Spermatogenesis: The Original Dosage Compensation Mechanism in Mammals? (J R Mc Carrey)
• Probing for the Basis of the Low Activity of the Oriental Variant of Liver Mitochondrial Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (B Wei & H Weiner)
• The Roles of Carbonic Anhydrase Isozymes in Cancer (W R Chegwidden et al.)
• MHC Class II Suppression by Trophoblast cDNAs (G L Hammond et al.)
• Molecular Information Fusion for Metabolic Networks (R Hofestädt et al.)
• Effect of Heterogeneous Sperm and Hybridization of DNA Fragment in Allogynogenetic Silver Crucian Carp (D Xia et al.)
• Gene Expression During Carrot Somatic Embryogenesis (N Wu)
• and other papers