TOPOLOGICAL QUANTUM NUMBERS IN NONRELATIVISTIC PHYSICS
by David J Thouless (University of Washington, Seattle)
David Thouless is Professor of Physics and Edwin Uehling Distinguished Scholar at the University of Washington. He was a student of Hans Bethe and wrote an early book on “The Quantum Mechanics of Many-Particle Systems”. His best-known work, on topological phase transitions, was done at Birmingham University in collaboration with Michael Kosterlitz. He has worked on the theory of nuclear matter, collective motion in nuclei, superconductivity and superfluidity, magnetism, electrons in disordered systems, and on the quantum Hall effect. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society and a Member of the US National Academy of Sciences. He received the Fritz London Award for low-temperature physics in 1984 and the Wolf Prize for physics in 1990.
Topological quantum numbers are distinguished from quantum numbers based on symmetry because they are insensitive to the imperfections of the systems in which they are observed. They have become very important in precision measurements in recent years, and provide the best measurements of voltage and electrical resistance. This book describes the theory of such quantum numbers, starting with Dirac's argument for the quantization of electric charge, and continuing with discussions on the helium superfluids, flux quantization and the Josephson effect in superconductors, the quantum Hall effect, solids and liquid crystals, and topological phase transitions. The accompanying reprints include some of the classic experimental and theoretical papers in this area.
Physicists — both experimental and theoretical — who are interested in the topic will find this book an invaluable reference.
|
